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因为英语国家的语言习惯和中国语言习惯有诸多不同,所以造成许多学生做出选择或写作,或者与人交流,中国方法使用不当而造成对英语问题的答复。举个例子,一个小女孩很好看,可爱,外邦人必说:那你看这样一步?然后你的回答必须是吗?如果外国人发现你的英语很好,他们说:你的消费是好吗?在中国常说:不,我说的都是不好的。这款是一种礼貌的回答,但是不符合英语的习语。它是正确答案应该是吗?虽然交际英语有一些规则...
??因为英语国家的说话风俗与中国的说话风俗有很多不同之处,以是造成了很多同砚在做选择或誊写,或与人攀谈中造成误用中国体例来对英语的问句作解答。例如一个小女孩非常悦目,可爱,外国人见到时会讲: You are so beautiful? 这时候的答语应该是 Thank you? 要是外国人发现你的英语不错,他们会讲: Your English is very good? 这时候中国人常常会说:不,我说的欠好。这纯是一种礼貌的答语,然而不符合英语风俗。它正确的答语应是 Thank you? 固然社交英语有一些规律可讲,但更首要的是学习外国的生活习惯,认识他们的文化背景,历史渊源,这样才能真正的学好1门外语。??
?(2) 正误别析 ?
?[误] - What can I do for you??
?- Yes, please help me? ?
?[正] - What can I do for you??
?- I'd like to buy a sweater? ?
?[析] What can I do for you? 这一问语实际上用于的情形不少,要根据具体情况而定。如在市肆中售货员讲这句话应译为:您想要点甚么?在其他场合也可以被译为:我能为您做些甚么?它的答语应是直接讲出想让对方提供的匡助。?
?[误] - Which colour do you like??
?- Sorry, I don't like? ?
?[正] - Which colour do you like??
?- I prefer blue? ?
?[析] 由 which 来发问的问句是要回答具体的选择,而不能泛指,泛泛的回答。如 Yes, I like it??
?[误] Do you like to come with us tonight? ?
?[正] Would you like to come with us tonight? ?
?[析] Do you like … 问的是对方的风俗,如: Do you like swimming? Do you like collecting stamps? 而 would you like … 则是一次性的约请、发起。约请的英语表达法还有以下几种:?
?Shall we go? 咱们走吧!?
?Let's go? 让我们走吧!?
?How about having a cup of tea? 喝杯茶若何??
?What about a cup of coffee? 喝杯咖啡若何??
?Why not buy it? 为何不买呢??
?其确定答语一样平常为Certainly, Yes, O.K. All right, With pleasure??
?[误] Sorry, I've kept you waiting??
?Not at all? ?
?[正] Sorry, I've kept you waiting??
?Never mind? ?
?[析] "介怀不介意"这一问法与答语在中英文中有所不同。如:?
?- Do you mind my smoking here??- _________ ?
?A. Yes, do it please??
?B. No, of course not??
?C. Yes, take it please??
?D. No, you can't take it??
?这时候正确的选择应是B。 其意为:不介意,固然不。而A选项则自相矛盾了,它应译为:是的我介怀,请抽吧。而D选项是:不介意,你不能抽。当向对方争求意见时,可以有以下问法:
?Do you mind if I open the door??
?Would you mind mailing the letter for me??
?其答语要是是赞成应为: Certainly not, not at all?
?而不同意时应为 Yes, 或 I'm sorry??
?[误] What's that man??
?He is Mike? ?
?[正] What's that man??
?He is a teacher? ?
?[正] Who's that man??
?He is Mike? (He is Mike's father?) ?
?[析] 由 what 发问是问的职业,由 who 发问问的是姓名或身份。?
?[误] - How much are they??
?- Half a kilo, please? ?
?[正] - How many bananas do you want??
?- Half a kilo? Please? ?
?[析] How much are they? 问的是价格而不是现实物品的若干。?
?[误] I'm sorry, but is this the way to the park? ?
?[正] Excuse me, but is this the way to the park? ?
?[析] I'm sorry 是对已经做错了的事向对方报歉时的入手下手语。而 Excuse me? 是在打搅对方以前表达歉意的话。?
?[误] - Have a good time tonight!?
?- You are the same? ?
?[正] - Have a good time tonight!?
?- The same to you? ?
?[析] The same to you 是表达我也祝您有个兴奋的夜晚,它是美语中的风俗用法。?
?[误] - What's the problem??
?- I've got a headache? ?
?[正] What's wrong with you??
?I've got a headache? ?
?[析] What's wrong with you? 是问询对方身材状况若何,而 What's the problem?是问对方碰到了甚么麻烦。?
?[误] - Now, I'm back? Can I play??
?- Perhaps? You'd better do your homework first? ?
?[正] - Now, I'm back? Can I play??
?- I'm afraid not? You'd better do your homework first? ?
?[析] Perhaps 是示意对一种拿不准的局势的推论,如: Am I right? Perhaps?而 I'm afraid not? 则表达一种不同意的态度。 be afraid 的几种用法有:?
?I'm afraid that you are right??
?厥后直接加宾语从句。?
?- Will you come to my birthday party??
?- I'm afraid not? I have to go to see my father? He is in hospital??
?厥后+not,示意否定。?
?- Sorry, I don't want to go there alone, I'm afraid of the dog??
?厥后+名词,示意对或人,某物的胆怯。?
?Mary is afraid of making mistakes in the exam??
?厥后+ of + 动名词,示意胆怯做某事。?
?Mary is afraid to see the teacher because she didn't do well in the exam??
?厥后+ 不定式,示意不敢去做某事。?
?[误] - How soon will you be ready??
?- Two days? ?
?[正] - How soon will you be ready??
?- In two days? ?
?[析] 此题要害是要依据情形,身临其境,要注重的是对方问了甚么,就应对甚么。或答了甚么就应问甚么。 How soon 问的是"还有多久才能作完",这时候要用 in two days, 即在两小时以内即可以作完。如用 How long 发问,则答语可以用 two days。?
?[误] - Would you mind if I have some time off??
?- I don't mind??
?- Monday and Tuesday of next week? ?
?[正] - Would you mind if I have some time off??
?- When exactly??
?- Monday and Tuesday of next week? ?
?[析] 有的对话是繁杂的,稍有失慎就有可能选错,而且英语中如选错了谜底是不易找失足来的。 I don't mind 是可以用来回答 Would you mind…这1发问的,但如细心看一看则会发现咱们要选用的不是陈述句而是疑问句。依据下面1句的答语来鉴定要用 when exactly? 甚么时候,这样才能与下句中具体的时候相符合。?
?[误] Suppose your name is Tom? The phone rings and you pick it up? The first word you say will probably be "Who are you?" ?
?[正] Suppose your name is Tom? The phone rings and you pick it up? The first word you say will probably be "Hello? This is Tom speaking?" ?
?[析] 在英语学习中,风俗用法实际上在某种情形,或某种意义上讲比语法更为重要。要是只从句子的角度上去剖析,它们可能都是对的。譬如,当你拿起电话时,要是你想晓得对方是谁,可以问"Who's that(speaking)?"但不要讲"Who are you?"要是你想先介绍一下自己可以讲"This is ×××× speaking"而不要讲"I'm ××××"也不要讲"My name is ×××××." 就语法而论,"Who are you?" "I'm ××××?""My name is ×××××?"并不错,也是英语中可用的句子,但就打电话这1场合,就不宜用了。?
?[误] - Do you think it's going to rain over the weekend??
?- I don't hope so? ?
?[正] - Do you think it's going to rain over the weekend??
?- I hope not? ?
?[析] 因为初学者对现实英语口语中表达情感意愿的答语不熟悉,如在确定答语中 I think so? I hope so? I believe so? 是雷同的,但在否定句中却经常使用 I don't think so? 但I don't believe so? 和 I don't hope so? 则意为:我不信此事和我不期望此事产生。而 I believe not? 和 I hope not? 则为:我想可能不会产生吧!?
?[误] - Is anybody there??
?- No, Bob and Tom have asked for leave? ?
?[正] - Is everybody there??
?- No, Bob and Tom have asked for leave? ?
?[析] 很多门生在写作和选择答语或问句时总要语法在前,而不是风俗用语在先。以是老是要拘泥疑问句中的不定代词,用 anybody。 然而Is anybody there? 在英语中为:这里有人吗?而Is everybody there?为:全都到齐了吗?以是起首要斟酌的是其答语。 No, Bob and Tom have asked for leave??
?[误] - Your handwriting is very good!?
?- No, my handwriting is very poor? ?
?[正] - Your handwriting is very good!?
?- Thank you? ?
?[析] 中国人碰到他人称颂,总因此谦虚为美德。但英丽人则常常以为自信是美德。以是当他人夸奖你或赞颂你时,就应说: Thank you? 又譬如中国人晤面经常讲 Where are you going? 或 Have you had your breakfast yet?而英丽人则以为你过量的过问他人的私生活了。而他们晤面时常常问一些可有可无的话,如: Hello! How are you going? (你过得怎么样) Morning! 等。而 good morning? 和 How do you do? 则被以为是较正规的问候语,在日常生活中则非常少见。?
?[误] When you have had dinner with an American friend and want to leave you may say: "Excuse me? I'll go first?" ?
?[正] When you have had dinner with an American friend and want to leave you may say: "Excuse me? I have to go?" ?
?[析] 这两句答语都是正确的,其要害不是语法,而是风俗题目。要是在如许的场合你讲 I'll go first? 朋友们会迷惑不解,而 I have to go? 则示意因为外界的特别原因此造成的你要离去,而你本人则非常不愿做此事。?
?[误] - Would you like to come to dinner tonight??
?- I'd like to, and I'm too busy? ?
?[正] - Would you like to come to dinner tonight??
?- I'd like to, but I'm too busy? ?
?[析] I'm too busy? 与 I'd like to? 在意义上恰好相反。以是要用转折连词。这里考察了对词义合乎逻辑的表达本领。以是要强调说话情况,更要夸大在说话的基础上的词语别析。?
?[误] - Where's Deter??
?- Deter will come with us tonight but he isn't very sure yet? ?
?[正] - Where's Deter??
?- Deter may come with us tonight but he isn't very sure yet? ?
?[析] 因为 but 所引出的句子可以看出 Deter 的来与不来是非常不确定的,以是运用 may 来表达一个不确定的事务。?
?[误] - Hi, haven't seen you for ages! You look fine!?
?- Great? You look well too? ?
?[正] - Hi, haven't seen you for ages! You look fine!?
?- Thanks? You look well too? ?
?[析] 要注重的是 Great 在口语中多示意惊叹,而 Thanks 则表示感谢对方的称颂。?以是对情形发言要有精确的鉴定,要依据情形,身临其境,上下比照,缜密思索,弄清场合,注重英丽人的风俗习惯,注意语义上的词语别析,并要进行大量的说话实践实习,扩展现实社交本领。??
?(3) 例题剖析 ?
?一? - Would you like to have some rice??
?- _________ .?
?A? Yes, I like B? Yes, please C? of course D? Yes, I have
??
?[谜底] B.?
?[析] 当对方对你发出约请的问语时,要是你想接纳则讲 Yes, please? 如不想接纳则用No, thanks??
?二? - Nice to see you?
??- _________ .?
?A? Good morning B? Happy to meet you, too ?
?C? Nice to see you, too D? Pleased to meet you, too
??
?[谜底] C.?
?[析] 固然A、B、D三个选项都可以作为某种问候语的答语,但英语中问候语的答语多用重复对方的话,以表达一样的心境。?
?三? - Would you please give me some water??
?- _________ .?
?A? Yes, I would B? Certainly C? No, thanks D? Yes, please
??
?[谜底] B.?
?[析] 当对方发出非常礼貌的恳求匡助的问语时,一样平常的回答是确定的。而Yes, please? 为"是的,您请做某事吧"。这1含义明显纰谬。?
?四? - Thank you very much for helping me??
?- _________ .?
?A? You're welcome B? It doesn't matter
?C? No need D? Don't say that
??
?[谜底] A.?
?[析] You're welcome 译为中文为:不用谢。而 It doesn't matter 则为:不要紧。?
?五? - Hello, Lucy? How are you??
?- _________ And you??
?A? Fine, thanks B? Yes, I am
?C? Glad to meet you D? Good afternoon
??
?[谜底] A.?
?[析] 在正常来往中一定要防止所问非所答。以是对 How are you? 的答语应为"很好,谢谢!"?
?六? - Help yourself to some meat??
?- _________ ?
?A? It sounds nice. B? Yes, please. ?
?C? Yes, Let's help each other. D? Thank you.
??
?[谜底] D.?
?[析] Help yourself to some meat. 你自己拿些肉吃吧。其意为主人劝客人不要虚心,像在家里同样。?
?七? - Oh, I am not feeling well? I've got a cold??
?- _________ ?
?A? Fine, How are you? B? Never mind? Take care ?
?C? Well, I 'm sure to get weel soon. D? I'm sorry to hear that?
??
?[谜底] D.?
?[析] 这是美国、英国的风俗用语,而B、 C则是中国人常讲的答语。?
?八? - Meimei you speak English very well??
?- _________ .?
?A? No, I don't think so B? Thank you very much?
?C? Not good enough D? That's all right
??
?[谜底] B.?
?九? - "Kate, could you answer the telephone, please?"?
?- _________ , Mum? I'll get it.?
?A? Yes, I could B? No, thanks ?
?C? O?K? D? Yes, but I have no time
??
?[谜底] C.?
?[析] 要注重 could 用于口语中是为了讲话的口吻婉转,但它不是过去时态,也不是助动词,而应看做情态动词。以是在答语中则不应如许用。?
?10? - Could you look after Polly for me while we're away??
?- _________ ?
?A? No, thanks. B? With pleasure. ?
?C? I'm not afraid. D? I'm sure you will.
??
?[谜底] B.?
?[析] With pleasure? 是英语中的1句非常虚心的答语,用在当对方因你的匡助或你的承诺向你致谢时,表达自己非常愿意为对方效率的口吻。?
?十一? - Hello! Could I speak to the headmaster, please??
?- _________ ?
?A? Hold on, please. B? That's the headmaster, please. ?
?C? Who are you ? please. D? Sorry? I'm not the headmaster.
??
?[谜底] A.?
?[析] hold on, please? 是指请对方等一等不要将电话放下的用语。要是要讲我就是的话不能用 that, 而要用 this, 在电话用语中 that 指对方, this 指自己。?
?十二? - Happy birthday!?
?- _________ ?
?A? Thank you. B? The same to you. ?
?C? Good luck. D? Congratulations.
??
?[谜底] A.?
?[析] the same to you 是一样庆祝对方的意思,不能用于生日这1庆祝语,除非两人的生日在同一天。?
?13? - I'm sorry I don't know the way, either? You'd better ask that policeman for help??
?- _________ ?
?A? Good night. B? That's nothing. ?
?C? Very well. D? Thank you all the same.
??
?[谜底] D.?
?[析] 当向对方乞助时,对方无能为力,这时候的感谢语则为 Thank you all the same? 意为无论若何仍是要谢谢你。?
?14? - I fell and hurt my leg last week, So I can't do anything??
?- _________ .?
?A? I'm sorry B? Don't worry
?C? Good luck D? Bad luck
??
?[谜底] D.?
?[析] 要是用A则要用 I'm sorry to hear that?而不能单用 I'm sorry? 因I'm sorry 是向对方报歉。而 bad luck 为真是不幸啊。?
?15? - _________ ?
?- I have got a cough??
?A? What's your trouble? B? What have you got? ?
?C? Why did you come here? D? Have you got a cough?
??
?[谜底] A.?
?[析] What's your trouble? 多用于问对方有甚么题目、麻烦或患有什么病。这类用语还有 What's wrong with you??
?16? - Would you like to go shopping with me??
?- _________ ?
?A? Yes, I'd love to. B? That's right.
?C? Yes, please. D? Quite well.
??
?[谜底] A.?
?[析] 示意乐意作某事应讲:I'd love to? I'd like to??
?17? - What's the weather like today!?
?- _________ ?
?A? It's nice for a walk. B? I like autumn best of all.?
?C? It will be fine tomorrow. D? It's rather cold today.
??
?[谜底] D.?
?[析] 本题要注重问的是什么,不要所问非所答。因问题是今日的气候怎么样,以是只能选D
?18? - Is Jane in ,please? I want to speak to her??
?- Sorry, she is out? You'd better _________ .?
?A? visit her in the office B? call her later ?
?C? see her this afternoon D? speak to her yourself
??
?[谜底] B.?
?[析] call her later 晚些时刻再来电话。?
?19? - _________ ?
?- Very well, thank you, and you??
?A? How do you do? B? Good morning? ?
?C? How are you these days? D? How do you like English?
??
?[谜底] C.?
?[析] 本题是由答语来推测问话,以是应熟识英语的问答风俗: How do you do? 的答语应为 How do you do??
?20? - How is your mother??
?- _________ ?
?A? She is old. B? She is no better than she was. ?
?C? She is kind?hearted. D? She is in her forties.
??
?[谜底] B.?
?[析] How is your mother? 问的是你妈身材若何,而B选项则是"她不比之前强"。而其他三个选项则是所问非所答。?
?21? - Thank you very much for your help??
?- _________ .?
?A? You're welcome B? Please don't
?C? There's no trouble D? No, no
??
?[谜底] A.?
?22? Your uncle has taken you to the cinema? Afterwards you thank him?
?He says " _________ ."?
?A? It was nothing B? I'm glad you enjoyed it ?
?C? Don't say it D? No, needn't
??
?[谜底] B.?
?[析] 这是英语的答语,万万不要选A,因它是中文风俗的答语。?
?23? - Thank you for your good present??
?- _________ .?
?A? It's not good B? No, no
?C? My pleasure D? Never mind
??
?[谜底] C.?
?24? When someone did a good deed for you, you should say _________ .?
?A.you are too good B.It's very kind of you? C.you are very kind D.I'll thank you
?[谜底] B.?
?25? - I am very sorry? I am late for dinner? ?
?- _________ .?
?A.No, you aren't B.That's all right? C.Yes, you are D.No, you don't
?[谜底] B.?
?[析] That's all right? 不要紧。?
?26? - I'm sorry if I hurt you??
?- _________ .?
?A? I'm sorry B? It's not true ?
?C? It doesn't matter D? Don't say sorry
??
?[谜底] C.?
?27? - I should have gone to see the exhibition with you? ?
?- _________ .?
?A? I'm sorry B? What a pity ?
?C? It doesn't matter to me D? That's terrible
?[谜底] B.?
?[析] What a pity. 真遗憾。第一句应为我真该和你一起去博览会。?
?28? - Help yourself to some fish??
?- _________ .?
?A? You are very kind B? Yes, I'm helping myself ?
?C? Thank you D? Yes, don't worry about me
?[谜底] C.?
?29? - Are you ready??-______ .?
?A? I'm very sorry B? Try to be patient ?
?C? Not yet, wait a minute D? Do you have the time, please?
?[谜底] C.?
?[析] not yet 意为尚无完成。?
?30? - Mum, I have passed the exam??
?- _________ .?
?A? That's all right B? Congratulations
?C? You are luck D? Good luck to you
?[谜底] B.?
?31? - I think I have to leave? I hope we can get together again??
?- _________ .?
?A? All right B? That's all right
?C? O?K? D? I hope so, too
?[谜底] D.?
?32? Must I wait till he comes back? ? .?
?A? No, you needn't B? No, you mustn't ?
?C? No, you may not D? No, you can't
?[谜底] A.?
?[析] must 发问示意必需如许做吗?而确定句要用 must, 示意必需做,而否定句则要用 needn't 示意没有必要做。?
?33? - _________ I pay you the house rent right away??
?- Yes, you have to do it??
?A? Shall B? Way C? Must D? Have
?[谜底] C.?
?34? - Don't you think this colour is too bright? ?
?- _________ ?
?A? Yes, I agree. B? Yes, but I don't think so. ?
?C? Yes, of course not. D? Yes, what's wrong?
?[谜底] A.?
?35? - It was cold yesterday??
?- _________ .?
?A? So was it B? So it was
?C? I believe not so D? I believe not
?[谜底] B.?
?[析] 当答语只是重复对方讲的话时,则不用倒装。因 so it was即为:是的,气候昨天很冷。而当讲前面讲的动作也适合于另一个人时,则要倒装。如: I went to the cinema yesterday? So did I? 示意对方去了电影院,我也去了。?
?36? - What do you think of the song??
?- _________ .?
?A? I like music very much B? I like it too ?
?C? With pleasure D? It sounds sweet
?[谜底] D.?
?[析] sound 在这里是系动词,为听起来很甜蜜。系动词后要用形容词,而不要用被动语态。?
?37? Do you like tea or coffee?? _________ .?
?A? Yes, I do B? Thank you
?C? That's fine D? Either will do
?[谜底] D.?
?[析] either will do? 为二者哪一个都可以。?
?38? I like your sweater very much?? _________ .?
?A? No, it's ugly B? Sorry
?C? Thank you D? You're welcome
?[谜底] C.?
?[析] 这是英美说话的风俗。?
?39? He likes travelling by train? ? _________ .?
?A? So do I B? I dos
?C? I like so D? I like it, neither
?[谜底] A.?
?40? - How do you like your school??
?- _________ .?
?A? I like it very much B? It's very beautiful?
?C? I doesn't like it D? Very well
?[谜底] B.?
?[析] How do you like … 是问你们黉舍是怎么样值得你酷爱的。也就是为何你酷爱你的黉舍。?
?41? What a nice day! ? _________ ?
?A? You're right. B? No, isn't it?
?C? Yes, isn't it? D? Really?
?[谜底] C.?
?[析] Yes, isn't it? 是的,莫非不是个好气候吗??
?42? - Hello, _________ ??
?- This is Della speaking??
?A? Who are you B? Are you Tom ?
?C? Who is that D? Please tell me who are you
?[谜底] C.?
?[析] 电话用语中 that 指对方,而 this 指自己。?
?43? -What's he like? ?
?- _________ .?
?A? He likes English B? He is old ?
?C? He is like a farmer D? He is tall and this
?[谜底] D.?
?[析] 要区别 What's he like? 如 What does he like? 前者为:他长得什么样?而后者是:他喜好甚么。?
?44? How did you do your job? ?
?Not very well, _________ .?
?A? I'm sure B? I am afraid
?C? Thank you D? I'm sorry
?[谜底] B.?
?[析] I am afraid 我生怕是,我想是。?
?45? - _________ your aunt??
?-She is a principal of a middle school??
?A? What does B? Where does
?C? What is D? Whom is
?[谜底] C.?
?46? - _________ ?
?- He is my boss??
?A? What's the man? B? Who is the man? ?
?C? How is the man? D? What does the man do?
?[谜底] B.?
?47? - May I have your name? ?
?- _________ .?
?A? No, no B? You're polite
?C? Call me John D? It's kind of you
??
?[谜底] C.?
?48? - Shall I make coffee for you? ?
?- _________ .?
?A? Yes, thank you B? No, don't trouble ?
?C? Don't trouble this, thank you D? No, don't make it
??
?[谜底] A.?
?49? - Could you show me the way to Mr? Buown's office??
?- _________ .?
?A? Not at all B? I'm sure
?C? All right D? I can do it
??
?[谜底] C.?
?50? - Shall we go swimming tomorrow afternoon??
?- _________ .?
?A? It's very kind of you B? You are so thoughtful ?
?C? That's a good idea D? Yes, we'll go
??
?[谜底] C.?
?中考英语新词汇 备考5级新词?初中英语 快速单词记忆“三部曲”?2009中考英语作文 八个要准备的话题卫生情况磨炼等?中考英语完形填空必备基础?中考英语浏览理解 破解“五个绝招”?中考英语首字母填空专项实习20题及谜底?09中考英语作文面面观 各类题材?初中英语单词 “超纲词”之名词动词
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